Darknet monitoring serves as a crucial tool for cybersecurity, providing insights into the hidden parts of the internet where illegal activities often occur. Despite its potential, the process faces several limitations that affect its efficiency. A primary challenge is the inaccessibility of numerous forums—many remain undiscovered or are shielded from external access, making complete surveillance difficult. The darknet's dynamic nature further complicates monitoring, as sites frequently change to evade detection, and new ones constantly emerge.

Moreover, not all malicious activities involve selling stolen data; sometimes, attackers simply publish information to harm a victim. This unpredictability in the type of data exposed—ranging from personal credentials to ...